All authors of manuscripts in this electronic journal must format their text, references, charts, tables, and figures, and biographical statements using the following Manuscript Guidelines; however, since you will not be able to "cut and paste" your manuscript into our Template if it should be accepted, then it is best to use the Manuscript Template to type the document initially.

All authors must download and use the Manuscript Template provided in the box below in preparing initial copies of their articles. 

 
* Note: When you are prompted to either open the file or to save the file to a disk, select the later option to save the file to disk.  Once you have saved the file, you will need to unzip it with an extraction program such as WinZip.  WinZip is available for free download from CNET.com by clicking here.  Once you have downloaded WinZip, follow its instructions in helping to unzip the Manuscript Template.

   
After the Manuscript Template has been unzipped, you should save it as any other Microsoft Word Template file; when you are ready to type your manuscript, you should go to the file menu and select NEW; a window will open that will have the name of the manuscript template (i.e., manuscripttemplate.dot); open the file and then begin typing the manuscript as you would any other time.  The only differences will be the font, margins, and page size.  Please do not change any of these settings or add page numbers.

 
On the Manuscript Template, you will notice various places where we have placed random letters. These places represent the locations for the different parts of the article.  What you should do is to highlight each place, and then start typing over what is highlighted.  This will erase the lettering; however, the setting which has been embedded in the Template will not be erased.

 
Thus, when you first type the article title, the Template automatically puts the title into the journal’s font and style.  Next, you type author name(s) and affiliation(s).

 
Once these items have been entered, you are now ready to type the word Abstract and the body of the abstract.  When finished, the text of the article should follow.

  
For all headings and subheadings: headings should be in 12 pt. Times Roman, bold, flush-left, and capitalized; subheadings should be flush-left in 10 pt. Times Roman, underlined, and typed in capitals and small letters.

  
Please note that all tables, charts, etc., need to be embedded within the text and not placed at the end of the article.  In addition, tables, charts, etc., must fit within the margins established by the Manuscript Template (see above), and also cannot be in Landscape Orientation.

  
Moreover, for all tables, charts, etc., the font size used must not go below 8 point. If necessary, please break up tables and charts into sections, remembering that they must be in Portrait Orientation. For items which cannot meet these guidelines, it is best to add a note at the end of the article inviting interested readers to request from the authors the tables, charts, figures, etc.
  

Footnotes are used within the text; References are aggregated in a section at the end of the manuscript.
  

Footnotes Within the Text

Footnotes cited within the text of the manuscript should be italicized and should be in form of the authors’ last name(s), the date of the work and the page(s), if applicable .  The following is an example:
 

Even if agreement could be reached on research methods, we would still find that we cannot always provide objectives, empirical, clear and unambiguous assessments of programs. As Alice Rivlin, Director of the Congressional Budget Office, notes: "Evaluation is an evolving art." (U.S. Senate, 1976, pp. 444-446; see also Steers, 1975; Osborn and Hunt, 1974; Yuchtman and Seashore, 1967; Price, 1972; Caldwell, 1973; Cohen and Collins, 1974; Weiss, 1974; Chommie and Hudson, 1974).  
 

References

References are placed at the end of the article, should be in alphabetical order and should follow the format as set forth in the following examples:

Braybrooke, David and Charles S. Lindblom (1970). A Strategy of Decision: Policy Evaluation as a Social Process. New York: The Free Press, pp. 6-10.

Caldwell, Kenneth S. (1973). Efficiency and Effectiveness Measurement in State and Local Government. Government Finance 2 (November): 19-28.

Chommie, Peter W. and Joe Hudson (1974). Evaluation of Outcome and Process. Social Work 19 (November): 682-687.

Cohen, Michael and John N. Collins (1974). Some Correlates of Organizational Effectiveness. Public Personnel Management 3 (November/December): 493-499.

Georgiou, Peter (1973). The Goal Paradigm and Notes Toward a Counter-Paradigm. Administrative Science Quarterly 18 (September) 291-310.

Gross, Edward (1969). The Definition of Organizational Goals. British Journal of Sociology 20 (September): 291-310.

Harlow, Robert L. (1973). On the Decline and Possible Fall of PPBS. Public Finance Quarterly 1 (January): 85-106.
  

Notes

In typing the manuscript, sometimes there is a need to expand upon items in the text.  This is the situation where Notes are used.
  

Notes Within the Manuscript

In typing the manuscript, Notes should be cited by their number. To illustrate, the following excerpt gives an idea of how Notes should be cited within the text:
 

Courses in information technology, research methods, policy analysis, public opinion measurement, financial management, planning and computer sciences, among others, have been added to the basic offerings at many institutions. (2) These adaptations and additions accompany a general trend toward applying modern technology to help solve problems in the states, counties, and cities of the region.(3)
  

Notes Listed at the End of the Manuscript

In listing the Notes at the end of the manuscript, the Notes, unlike the References, should be numbered. The number should correspond to the number assigned that Note in the text.

Notes should precede References at the end of the manuscript. In addition, the length of the Notes should not be excessive. The following is an illustration of the style which should be used in listing Notes:

2. For a concise summary of these developments, see Brian R. Fry (1976). Education for Public Administration. The University of South Carolina Review 18 (November). On the broader question of training for the public service, see John M. Weinstein (1976). Can the Professional Manager be Trained? Public Service 3 (January):4-5.

3. An example of this trend was the participation of twenty-two (22) southern cities.